Dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB)

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB) refers to abnormal uterine bleeding unrelated to structural or systemic causes, commonly occurring due to hormonal imbalances. In Ayurveda, DUB is understood as a disruption in the balance of doshas, particularly Pitta and Kapha, leading to irregular menstrual bleeding patterns. Treatment aims to restore hormonal equilibrium and regulate menstrual cycles for improved reproductive health.

Symptoms of DUB include irregular menstrual bleeding patterns, such as heavy or prolonged periods, spotting between periods, and unpredictable menstrual cycles. Women with DUB may also experience pelvic pain, fatigue, and mood swings associated with hormonal fluctuations. Proper diagnosis and management are essential to alleviate symptoms and prevent complications.

Risk factors for DUB include hormonal imbalances, stress, obesity, thyroid disorders, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and perimenopause. Additionally, factors such as extreme weight loss or gain, excessive exercise, and certain medications can contribute to hormonal disruptions and increase the risk of developing DUB. Identifying and addressing these risk factors are crucial for effective management.

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB) may present in various forms, including menorrhagia (excessive menstrual bleeding), metrorrhagia (irregular bleeding between periods), and oligomenorrhea (infrequent or light menstrual periods). Understanding these types helps tailor treatment strategies to address specific symptoms and improve menstrual health.

The underlying causes of DUB may involve imbalances in estrogen and progesterone levels, leading to dysfunctional changes in the endometrial lining of the uterus. Other contributing factors include ovarian dysfunction, thyroid disorders, adrenal gland abnormalities, and pituitary gland disorders. Understanding the root cause of DUB is essential for developing targeted treatment strategies.

Diagnosing DUB involves a thorough evaluation of medical history, menstrual patterns, physical examination, and diagnostic tests such as hormonal assays, ultrasound, and endometrial biopsy. Treatment options for DUB may include hormonal therapy (such as oral contraceptives or progestin therapy), nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to control heavy bleeding, and surgical interventions in severe cases.

Ayurvedic approaches to DUB treatment focus on restoring doshic balance through dietary modifications, lifestyle adjustments, herbal remedies, and therapeutic interventions such as Panchakarma (detoxification) and Rasayana (rejuvenation) therapies. Integrating Ayurvedic principles with conventional treatments can provide comprehensive management of DUB, addressing underlying imbalances and promoting reproductive health and well-being.